Fair Use in the U.S. Economy – 2025 Edition

December 15, 2025

Andrew Szamosszegi
Capital Trade

A range of exceptions to copyright protection under U.S. law, classified here under the broad heading of fair use, sustain companies that represent nearly one-fifth of total U.S. GDP. This study finds that in 2023, value added by fair use industries was 18 percent of the U.S. economy, employing 1 in 7 U.S. workers, and contributing $4.9 trillion to U.S. GDP. From 2017 to 2023, the real output of these primary core industries accounted for 15.7 percent of real GDP growth. Moreover, as the training of artificial intelligence relies on fair use, these figures are poised to grow further.

Read Download Key Takeaways Press Release

CCIA_Fair-Use-in-the-U.S.-Economy-2025_report

Research

April 14, 2026

Considerations on Interference Impact in GEO-LEO Spectrum Sharing Systems

Modern Non-Geostationary Orbit (NGSO) satellite systems can safely coexist with Geostationary Orbit (GSO) networks under significantly relaxed interference limits, yet the ITU’s Equivalent Power ...

Space & Spectrum

Research

April 13, 2026

DMA Impacts Suggest California’s Proposed SB 1074 BASED Act Will Be a Costly Failure

California's SB 1074 would impose DMA-analogous obligations while adding several additional cost drivers, including a private right of action, treble damages, and class action exposure that could m...

Digital Economy

Research

April 9, 2026

O Conflito de Alto Impacto Envolvendo SEPs: Exercício de Poder Patentário, Seleção Estratégica de Foro e a Atuação dos Tribunais Brasileiros

Patents

Research

April 9, 2026

The High-Stakes SEP Clash: Patent Leverage, Forum Shopping, and Brazil’s Courts

Standard Essential Patents (SEPs) are central to Brazil’s digital transformation. Yet the country’s legal and institutional framework has not evolved at the same pace. Today, Brazilian courts t...

Patents